👉 “Pronoun (सर्वनाम) – Definition, Types, Rules, Examples & Notes for Students”|Target Classes Nohar

 

                    ✍️ सर्वनाम (Pronoun) 

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I. परिचय (Introduction)

सर्वनाम (Pronoun) ऐसे शब्द होते हैं जो संज्ञा (Noun) के स्थान पर प्रयोग होते हैं, ताकि बार-बार noun को दोहराना न पड़े।

👉 Example:

• Ram is my friend. He is very kind.

• Priya is dancing. She looks happy.

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II. सर्वनाम का महत्व

• भाषा को सरल और छोटा बनाता है।

• बार-बार noun की repetition रोकता है।

• Communication को clear करता है।

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III. सर्वनाम के प्रकार (Types of Pronoun)

1. Personal Pronoun (पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम)

• ये व्यक्ति (Person), वचन (Number) और लिंग (Gender) बताते हैं।

(a) Subjective Case (कर्ता रूप)

I, we, you, he, she, it, they
👉 Example: She is my sister.

(b) Objective Case (कर्म रूप)

me, us, you, him, her, it, them
👉 Example: Rohan helped me.

(c) Possessive Case (स्वामित्व रूप)

my, mine, our, ours, your, yours, his, her, hers, its, their, theirs
👉 Example: This book is mine.

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2. Reflexive Pronoun (निजवाचक सर्वनाम)

जब कर्त्ता और कर्म (Subject और Object) एक ही हों।
(myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves)
👉 Example: She blamed herself.

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3. Emphatic Pronoun (बलवाचक सर्वनाम)

कर्त्ता पर जोर देने के लिए।
👉 Example: I myself cleaned the room.

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4. Demonstrative Pronoun (संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम)

संकेत करने के लिए। (this, that, these, those)
👉 Example: This is my book.

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5. Indefinite Pronoun (अनिश्चितवाचक सर्वनाम)

किसी अज्ञात व्यक्ति/वस्तु को दर्शाते हैं। (someone, anyone, everyone, no one, each, either, neither)
👉 Example: Someone is knocking at the door.

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6. Relative Pronoun (सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम)

दो clauses को जोड़ते हैं। (who, whom, whose, which, that)
👉 Example: The man who is singing is my uncle.

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7. Interrogative Pronoun (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम)

प्रश्न पूछने के लिए। (who, whom, whose, which, what)
👉 Example: Who is your teacher?

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8. Reciprocal Pronoun (पारस्परिक सर्वनाम)

दो लोगों के बीच पारस्परिक सम्बन्ध दिखाते हैं। (each other, one another)
👉 Example: They love each other.

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9. Distributive Pronoun (वितरणवाचक सर्वनाम)

समूह में से प्रत्येक को अलग-अलग दिखाते हैं। (each, either, neither)
👉 Example: Each of the players was given a prize.

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10. Possessive Pronoun (स्वामित्ववाचक सर्वनाम)

मालिकाना हक दिखाते हैं। (mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs)
👉 Example: This pen is hers.

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IV. सर्वनाम के नियम (Rules of Pronoun)

नियम 1: सर्वनाम का लिंग और वचन antecedent (noun) से मेल खाना चाहिए।

👉 Example:

• Incorrect: Every boy must bring their book.

• Correct: Every boy must bring his book.

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नियम 2: Subject और Object के लिए सही रूप का प्रयोग करें।

👉 Example:

• Incorrect: Me went to the park.

• Correct: I went to the park.

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नियम 3: सर्वनाम का संदर्भ (antecedent) स्पष्ट होना चाहिए।

👉 Example:

• Incorrect: When Ram met Shyam, he was late. (कौन late था?)

• Correct: When Ram met Shyam, Ram was late.

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नियम 4: Reflexive Pronoun तभी प्रयोग हो जब subject और object same हों।

👉 Example:

• Incorrect: He enjoyed at the party.

• Correct: He enjoyed himself at the party.

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नियम 5: Each, Either, Neither, Everyone, Someone के साथ Singular Pronoun का प्रयोग होता है।

👉 Example: Each of the students has his book.

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V. सामान्य त्रुटियाँ (Common Errors)

👉 “Pronoun (सर्वनाम) – Definition, Types, Rules, Examples & Notes for Students”

1. ❌ Between you and I
   ✔ Between you and me

2. ❌ Everyone must bring their book
   ✔ Everyone must bring his book

3. ❌ One should help themselves
   ✔ One should help himself

4. ❌ Each of them were present
   ✔ Each of them was present

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VI. अभ्यास प्रश्न (Practice Questions)

Q1. Fill in the blanks:

1. _______ is knocking at the door.
   👉 (Answer: Someone)

2. This pen is mine. That pen is _______.
   👉 (Answer: yours)

3. They helped _______.
   👉 (Answer: each other)

4. The boy _______ is reading is my brother.
   👉 (Answer: who)

5. She did the homework by _______.
   👉 (Answer: herself)

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Q2. Correct the Errors:

1. Each of the girls have finished their work.
   👉 Correct: Each of the girls has finished her work.

2. This is between you and I.
   👉 Correct: This is between you and me.

3. Everyone should do their duty.
   👉 Correct: Everyone should do his duty.

4. Myself will go to market.
   👉 Correct: I will go to market.

👉 “Pronoun (सर्वनाम) – Definition, Types, Rules, Examples & Notes for Students”

 Previous Year Board Questions (RBSE + CBSE)

Q1. Fill in the blanks with correct pronoun.

(a) Each of the girls has done _______ work.
👉 Answer: her

(b) The dog is very faithful to _______ master.
👉 Answer: its

(c) This pen is mine. That pen is _______.
👉 Answer: yours

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Q2. Correct the following sentences.

(a) Everyone must do their duty.
👉 Correct: Everyone must do his duty.

(b) Myself will solve this problem.
👉 Correct: I will solve this problem.

(c) Between you and I, he is dishonest.
👉 Correct: Between you and me, he is dishonest.

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Q3. Choose the correct option:

1. The boy _______ is standing there is my brother.
   (a) which (b) who (c) whom (d) whose
   👉 Answer: (b) who

2. She enjoyed _______ at the party.
   (a) herself (b) himself (c) itself (d) themselves
   👉 Answer: (a) herself

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VII. निष्कर्ष (Conclusion)

👉 “Pronoun (सर्वनाम) – Definition, Types, Rules, Examples & Notes for Students”

👉 Pronoun (सर्वनाम) English Grammar का महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है। यहाँ आपको Pronoun की definition, types, rules, examples, common errors और previous year board questions के साथ detailed notes मिलेंगे। ये notes Class 6 to 12 Students, Competitive Exams (RBSE, CBSE, RPSC, SSC, REET, CTET) और English learners के लिए बहुत उपयोगी हैं। अगर आप Grammar में strong होना चाहते हैं तो ये ब्लॉग आपके लिए complete study material है।

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3. Focus Keywords

• Pronoun in English Grammar

• Pronoun Notes in Hindi

• Types of Pronoun with Examples

• Pronoun Rules for Students

• Pronoun Questions for Exams

• Pronoun Examples in English

• Pronoun Definition in Hindi

Hashtags 

#Pronoun #EnglishGrammar #GrammarNotes #EnglishLearning #RBSE #CBSE #CompetitiveExams #GrammarRules #LearnEnglish #StudyMaterial